The Indian HSBC Services PMI is compiled by questionnaires sent to purchasing executives in around 350 private service sector companies. The panel has been carefully selected to accurately replicate the true structure of the services economy. Index and the Services Business Activity Index, and is based on original survey data collected from a representative panel of over 800 companies based in the Indian manufacturing and service sectors. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.
German Factory Orders measures the change in the total value of new purchase orders placed with manufacturers for both durable and non-durable goods. It is a leading indicator of production.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
Total Industrial production excluding building of ships and boats.Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's factories, mine and utilities are measured by the index of industrial production. The figure is calculated as a weighted aggregate of goods and reported in headlines as a percent change from previous months.However, it is used as a leading indicator and helps in forecasting GDP changes.Rising industrial production figures signify increasing economic growth and can positively influence the sentiment towards local currency.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the DKK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the DKK.
Industry is a basic category of business activity. Firms in the same industry are on the same side of the market, produce goods which are close substitutes and compete for the same customers. For statistical purposes, industries are categorized following a uniform classification code such as Standard Industrial Classification (SIC). Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's factories, mines and utilities are measured by the index of industrial production. The figure is calculated as a weighted aggregate of goods and reported in headlines as a percent change from previous months. It is often adjusted by season or weather conditions and thus volatile. However, it is used as a leading indicator and helps in forecasting GDP changes.
Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time. A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite. Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investors' interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate. Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics.According to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics.
The Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply (CIPS) Construction Purchasing Manager's Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the construction industry. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the construction industry; a reading below indicates contraction. It gives an indication about the health of the construction section in the UK.
Traders watch these surveys closely as purchasing managers usually have early access to data about their company’s performance, which can be a leading indicator of overall economic performance.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.
Housing Equity Withdrawal measures the change in the total value of new home-secured loans that are not used for home purchases or improvements.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.
The Sentix Investor Confidence Index rates the relative six-month economic outlook for the euro zone. The data is compiled from a survey of about 2,800 investors and analysts. A reading above zero indicates optimism; below indicates pessimism.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
Confidence indicator is a measure of the mood of consumers or businesses. It is usually based on a survey during which respondents rate their opinion on different isues concerning current and future conditons. Consumers opinion are typically expressed with answers like: better, same, worse or positive, negative and unchanged. Results of such surveys are calculated by subtracting the negative replies from the positive ones.
Business confidence indicator is closely linked to corporate spending and correlated with employment, consumption and investment. Therefore it is carefully watched as an indication of possible changes in the overall economic growth.
The Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity.
It is a leading indicator as it can predict the consumer spending, which is a major
part in the total economic activity. Higher readings point to higher consumer optimism.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR,
while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
This consists of additions to the assets of producers of tangible reproducible goods which have an expected lifetime of use of one year or more. The producers in question may be industries, producers of Government services and producers of private non-profit services to household. The capital goods may be purchased or produced on own account. Sales less purchases of second-hand fixed assets and sales of scrapped fixed assets by producers should be deducted from gross fixed capital formation.
Gross Capital formation consists of;
Gross Fixed Capital Formation= Aquisition less disposals of fixed assets + Improvements to land
AND
Inventories=Finished Goods, Materials/Fuel, Work in Progress
AND
Valuables= Goods of value not used in consumption or production
This consists of additions to the assets of producers of tangible reproducible goods which have an expected lifetime of use of one year or more. The producers in question may be industries, producers of Government services and producers of private non-profit services to household. The capital goods may be purchased or produced on own account. Sales less purchases of second-hand fixed assets and sales of scrapped fixed assets by producers should be deducted from gross fixed capital formation.
Gross Capital formation consists of;
Gross Fixed Capital Formation= Aquisition less disposals of fixed assets + Improvements to land
AND
Inventories=Finished Goods, Materials/Fuel, Work in Progress
AND
Valuables= Goods of value not used in consumption or production
An index that measures and tracks the changes in price of goods in the stages before the retail level. Wholesale price indexes (WPIs) report monthly to show the average price changes of goods sold in bulk, and they are a group of the indicators that follow growth in the economy.
Although some countries still use the WPIs as a measure of inflation, many countries, including the United States, use the producer price index (PPI) instead.
The Focus Market Report provides weekly mean market expectations for inflation over following month, 12 months, and following year as well as expectations for Selic target rate, real GDP growth, net public sector debt/GDP, industrial production growth, current account, and trade balance, collected from over 130 banks, brokers, and funds managers.
The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of inflation and is a key economic figure. Likely impact:
1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise.
2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates.
3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.
The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of inflation and is a key economic figure. Likely impact:
1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise.
2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates.
3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods
and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.
The Bank of Israel's "headline" rate of interest is the rate of interest announced by the Governor at the end of every liquidity month. These announcements have been made since the end of 1993, and provide the commercial banks with a benchmark for their rates on local currency unindexed deposits and credit.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ILS , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ILS.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods
and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.
International reserves of the National Bank of Ukraine Any kind of reserve funds that can be passed between the central banks of different countries. International reserves are an acceptable form of payment between these banks. The reserves themselves can either be gold or else a specific currency, such as the dollar or euro.
The eight labor-market indicators listed below aggregated into the Employment Trends Index. Percentage of respondents who say they find ""Jobs Hard to Get"" (The Conference Board Consumer Confidence Survey).Initial Claims for Unemployment Insurance (U.S. Department of Labor). Percentage of Firms With Positions Not Able to Fill Right Now (National Federation of Independent Business).Number of employees hired by the temporary-help industry (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics).Part-time Workers for Economic Reasons (BLS).Job Openings (BLS). Industrial Production (Federal Reserve Board).Real Manufacturing and Trade Sales (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis).A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.
The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bons du Trésor à taux fixe or BTF auctioned.
French BTF bills have maturities of up to 1 year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.
The yield on the BTF represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.
Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.
The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bons du Trésor à taux fixe or BTF auctioned.
French BTF bills have maturities of up to 1 year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.
The yield on the BTF represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.
Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.
The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bons du Trésor à taux fixe or BTF auctioned.
French BTF bills have maturities of up to 1 year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.
The yield on the BTF represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.
Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.
Auto Sales measures the change in the number of new cars and trucks sold domestically. It is an important indicator of consumer spending is closely correlated to consumer confidence.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.
Industry is a basic category of business activity. Firms in the same industry are on the same side of the market, produce goods which are close substitutes and compete for the same customers. For statistical purposes, industries are categorized following a uniform classification code such as Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC). Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's factories, mines and utilities are measured by the index of industrial production. The figure is calculated as a weighted aggregate of goods and reported in headlines as a percent change from previous months. It is often adjusted by season or weather conditions and thus volatile. However, it is used as a leading indicator and helps in forecasting GDP changes. Rising industrial production figures signify increasing economic growth and can positively influence the sentiment towards local currency.Total vehicles is comprised of cars, light commercials, trucks, buses and tractors.
The Business Outlook Survey released by the Bank of Canada measures the business outlook in Canada as derived from a survey of about 100 selected businesses which asks respondents to rate the relative level of general business conditions.
It's a leading indicator of economic health.
An optimistic view of those executives should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD, while a pessimistic view should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.
The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.
U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.
Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.
The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.
U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.
Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.
Auto Sales measures the change in the number of new cars and trucks sold domestically. It is an important indicator of consumer spending is closely correlated to consumer confidence.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.
Industry is a basic category of business activity. Firms in the same industry are on the same side of the market, produce goods which are close substitutes and compete for the same customers. For statistical purposes, industries are categorized following a uniform classification code such as Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC). Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's factories, mines and utilities are measured by the index of industrial production. The figure is calculated as a weighted aggregate of goods and reported in headlines as a percent change from previous months. It is often adjusted by season or weather conditions and thus volatile. However, it is used as a leading indicator and helps in forecasting GDP changes. Rising industrial production figures signify increasing economic growth and can positively influence the sentiment towards local currency.Total vehicles is comprised of cars, light commercials, trucks, buses and tractors.
The consumer confidence index is based on interviews with consumers about their perceptions of the country's current and future economic situation and their tendencies to purchase. The performance of the economy of a country is reflected in macro-economic variables, such as the gross national product, external debt, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, imports, exports, stock market prices, inflation rates, real wages, unemployment rate, and so on. The state of the economy is also reflected in the micro-behavior of the consumers. The attitudes and behaviors of individual consumers affect the performance of the economy. For example, if they believe that the economy is heading in a certain direction, then they would make their savings or spending plans according.
Total of a country's gold holdings and convertible foreign currencies held in
its central bank. Usually includes foreign currencies themselves, other assets
denominated in foreign currencies, and particular amount of special drawing
rights (SDRs).A foreign exchange reserve is a useful precaution for countries
exposed to financial crises. It can be used for the purpose of intervening in
the exchange market to influence or peg the exchange rate.
The New Zealand Institute of Economic Research (NZIER) Business Confidence Index rates the relative six-month business outlook. The index is a leading indicator of economic health. The data is compiled from a survey of about 2500 businesses.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NZD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NZD.
Based primarily on the Business Test of the IFO Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung, Munich, the QSBO is a tendency survey with questions on a range of economic indicators. Questions in the QSBO generally ask whether business conditions will deteriorate, stay the same, or improve, and yield information about business trends much faster than official statistics. Methodology; Each quarter a panel of around 1400 chief executives or their nominees in the three main sectors manufacturing and building, merchants, and services are asked to respond. The sample is of enterprises selected from the business directory of Statistics New Zealand and the UBD New Zealand Business Directory. The selection of firms in the panel is based on the number of employees, divided into several class intervals. The number sampled in each of the three major sectors is proportional to the sector's employment. The net percent of respondents is obtained by subtracting the percentage of respondents saying down from those saying up and dividing the value by a corrective factor (100-percent of N/A responses). That is: ((up-down)/(100-NA))* 100=net percent.
The Australian Industry Group (AIG) Services Index rates the relative level of business conditions among service-based companies. On the index, a reading above 50 indicates industry expansion, below indicates contraction.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.
The Current Account index measures the difference in value between exported and imported goods, services and interest payments during the reported month. The goods portion is the same as the monthly Trade Balance figureA higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.
Average Cash Earnings measures the change in employment income, including bonuses and overtime pay. Higher income is positive for consumption.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY,
while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.
Household Spending measures the change in the inflation-adjusted value of all expenditures by consumers.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.
Household Spending measures the change in the inflation-adjusted value of all expenditures by consumers.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.
Wages and salaries are defined as "the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable to all persons counted on the payroll (including homeworkers), in returnfor work done during the accounting period" regardless of whether it is paid on the basis of working time, output or piecework and whether it is paid regularly or not.Non-scheduled cash earnings are the wages paid for work performed outsidescheduled working hours, and on days off or night work, that is allowances for working outside work hours, night work, early morning work, and overnight duty.
One of the statistical figures used by the Cabinet Office in monthly economic reports. It is announced by the Cabinet Office, and represents the total amount of wages received by all Japanese workers.
A higher than expected result would be positive news for the yen, whilst a lower than expected result would be negative news for the yen.
Official reserve assets comprises foreign currency reserves, IMF reserve position, SDRs and gold. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative.
Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.
The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.
The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.
The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.
Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics.
A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the AUD, while a lower than expected number as negative.
Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect of reducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.
A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the AUD, while a lower than expected number as negative.
Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict consumer spending, which plays a major role in overall economic activity.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the THB , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the THB.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the THB , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the THB.
The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change over a specified period oftime in the general level of prices of goods and services that a given population acquires, uses or pays for consumption. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period.
The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the JGB auctioned.
JGB's have maturities of up to 50 years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a JGB represents the return an investor will receive by holding the note for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.
Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.
Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) board members come to a consensus on where to set the rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.
A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia's (RBA) monthly rate statement contains the outcome of bank's interest rate decision and discusses the economic conditions that influenced the decision. It can also give investors clues to the outcome of future decisions.
A more dovish than expected statement could be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD, while a more hawkish than expected statement could be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD.
Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of inflation and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. The weights are usually derived from household expenditure surveys.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
The Leading Indicators Index is a composite index based on 12 economic indicators, that is designed to predict the future direction of the economy.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.
Japan's Composite index of coincident indicators measures current economic
conditions. For the main purpose of measuring the amplitude of the fluctuations
of economic activities, the composite indexes are constructed by aggregating the
percentage changes of the selected series. They are represented with the average
of their 1995 values as 100.
The coincident index consists of the following components:
- Index of industrial production (mining and manufacturing);
- Index of consumption of raw materials (manufacturing);
- Large industrial power consumption;
- Index of capacity utilization ratio (manufacturing);
- Index of non-scheduled worked hours;
- Index of producer's shipment (investment goods);
- Sales at department stores (percent change from the previous year);
- Index of sales in wholesale trade (percent change from the previous year);
- Operating profits (all industries);
- Index of sales in small and medium sized enterprises (manufacturing);
- Effective job offer rate (excluding new school graduates).
The Leading Indicators Index is a composite index based on 12 economic indicators, that is designed to predict the future direction of the economy.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.
German Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time. A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite.Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investor's interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
Manufacturing Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturersA higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NOK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NOK.
Quarterly Gross Domestic Product is calculated at market price (QGDP) and represents final result of production activity for resident productive units. Quarterly Gross Domestic Product at market price is estimated by two methods:
a) output method
b) expenditure method
Main data sources used for quarterly Gross Domestic Product estimation:
- statistical sources: short-term surveys regarding industrial production, construction, services, trade; production account for agriculture; short-term surveys regarding earnings and employment
- financial-accounting sources: accounting statements of financial institutions;
- administrative sources: execution of state budget and local budgets, and of social security budget; balance of payments.
The revision of the quarterly accounts data is periodically done, when a new version of yearly national accounts is available. The revision of data has as objective to keep the coherence between the quarterly accounts and the yearly accounts.
Total of a country's gold holdings and convertible foreign currencies held in its central bank. Usually includes foreign currencies themselves, other assets denominated in foreign currencies, and particular amount of special drawing rights (SDRs). A foreign exchange reserve is a useful precaution for countries exposed to financial crises. It can be used for the purpose of intervening in the exchange market to influence or peg the exchange rate.Amount as at end of period.
Total of a country's gold holdings and convertible foreign currencies held in its central bank. Usually includes foreign currencies themselves, other assets denominated in foreign currencies, and particular amount of special drawing rights (SDRs). A foreign exchange reserve is a useful precaution for countries exposed to financial crises. It can be used for the purpose of intervening in the exchange market to influence or peg the exchange rate.End of period. Up to the end of February 2004 referred to as the "net open position in foreign currency of the Reserve Bank".
The Trade Balance index measures the difference in worth between exported and imported goods over the reported month.
Export demand is directly linked to currency demand, while export demand also has an impact on production levels.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR,
while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
The Current Account index measures the difference in value between exported and imported goods, services and interest payments during the reported month. The goods portion is the same as the monthly Trade Balance figure.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect ofreducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.
Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect ofreducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.
The official reserve assets are assets denominated in foreign currency, readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, intervening in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). They present a very comprehensive picture on a monthly basis of stocks at market price, transactions, foreign exchange and market revaluations and other changes in volume.
The Hungarian Industrial Output is a useful indicator of the economy because it is more current compared to the GNP and reported every month. Total Industrial Production includes Mining,Manufacturing, and Energy but it excludes transportation, services, and agriculture which is included in GNP. Industrial Production is generally more volatile than GNP.Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's factories, mineand utilities are measured by the index of industrial production. The figure is calculated as a weighted aggregate of goods and reported in headlines as a percent change from previous months.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the HUF , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the HUF.
Retail Sales measures the change in the total value of sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
Chinese FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the CNY while a lower than expected number as negative
FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.
A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the MYR, while a lower than expected number as negative.
FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.
A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the PHP, while a lower than expected number as negative.
The Producer Price Index (PPI) is designed to monitor changes in prices of items at the first important commercial transactions. The PPI shows the same general pattern of inflation as does Consumer price index, but is more volatile. This is because it is weighted more heavily towards goods that are traded in highly competitive markets and somewhat less sensitive to changes in the cost of labour. In principle, the PPI should include service industries, but in practice it is limited to the domestic agricultural and industrial sector. The prices should be farm-gate prices for the agricultural sector and ex-factory prices for the industrial sector. The PPI is worth watching as a leading indicator of inflation at the consumer level. Price changes at the wholesale level take time to work their way through to the retail store.
The Producer Price Index (PPI) is designed to monitor changes in prices of items at the first important commercial transactions. The PPI shows the same general pattern of inflation as does Consumer price index, but is more volatile. This is because it is weighted more heavily towards goods that are traded in highly competitive markets and somewhat less sensitive to changes in the cost of labour. In principle, the PPI should include service industries, but in practice it is limited to the domestic agricultural and industrial sector. The prices should be farm-gate prices for the agricultural sector and ex-factory prices for the industrial sector. The PPI is worth watching as a leading indicator of inflation at the consumer level. Price changes at the wholesale level take time to work their way through to the retail store.
The Halifax House Price Index measures the change in the price of homes and properties
financed by Halifax Bank Of Scotland (HBOS), one of the U.K.'s largest mortgage lenders. It is a leading indicator of health in the housing sector.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.
The industrial production index is calculated as a chain index. The weights used are value added from the annual national accounts.The method for seasonal adjustment is done by TRAMO/SEATS. Weight 0.9160 of total 1.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.
The Halifax House Price Index measures the change in the price of homes and properties financed by Halifax Bank Of Scotland (HBOS), one of the U.K.'s largest mortgage lenders. It is a leading indicator of health in the housing sector. The Halifax House price index is covering around 15,000 house purchases per month. House prices change is a major ingredient of the overall inflation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.
The industrial production index is calculated as a chain index. The weights used are value added from the annual national accounts.The method for seasonal adjustment is done by TRAMO/SEATS. Weight 0.9160 of total 1.A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.
New orders measure the value of orders received in a given period of time. They are legally binding contracts between a consumer and a producer for delivering goods and services.
New orders indicate future industrial output and production requirements.
Italian Retail Sales measures the change in the total value of sales at the retail level.
It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR,
while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.
FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.
A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the TWD, while a lower than expected number as negative.
Labor Productivity measures the change in labor efficiency of the United Kingdom workers when producing goods and services. Productivity and labor-related inflation are directly linked, a drop in a worker's productivity is equivalent to a rise in their wage. When businesses pay more for labor the higher costs are usually passed on to the consumer.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.
FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.
A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the SGD, while a lower than expected number as negative.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods
and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the MXN, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the MXN.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods
and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the MXN, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the MXN.
The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of inflation and is a key
economic figure. Likely impact:
1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise.
2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates.
3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.
Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.
Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.
Foreign Exchange Reserves are the foreign assets held or controlled by the country central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the PLN while a lower than expected number as negative
The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.
A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CLP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CLP.
